背景
最近学习了docker的基础知识，需要实战演练一下。今天就来介绍下，在阿里云服务器中通过docker部署Apache Tomcat并配置公网可以访问。
部署tomcat
阿里云服务器上docker环境配置
- 详见本文中的第3和第4点
- 补充一下，安装完
Docker后，按照如下配置可以设置非root用户直接执行docker命令，不会报没有权限错误(无需每次执行docker命令前加上sudo)。#1 添加docker用户组(一般安装docker时会自动添加) sudo groupadd docker #2 将指定用户添加到docker用户组中 注:将USER替换为自己的用户名 sudo gpasswd -a USER docker #3 重启docker服务 sudo systemctl restart docker #4 退出SSH连接重新登录或重启系统。
阿里云控制台配置安全组规则
因为tomcat默认端口是8080，所以安全组规则就新增一条规则配置端口为8080
在阿里云服务器终端中从Docker hub 官网搜索tomcat镜像并pull下来
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker search tomcat
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 2773 [OK]
tomee Apache TomEE is an all-Apache Java EE certif… 79 [OK]
dordoka/tomcat Ubuntu 14.04, Oracle JDK 8 and Tomcat 8 base… 54 [OK]
bitnami/tomcat Bitnami Tomcat Docker Image 35 [OK]
kubeguide/tomcat-app Tomcat image for Chapter 1 29
consol/tomcat-7.0 Tomcat 7.0.57, 8080, "admin/admin" 17 [OK]
cloudesire/tomcat Tomcat server, 6/7/8 15 [OK]
aallam/tomcat-mysql Debian, Oracle JDK, Tomcat & MySQL 13 [OK]
arm32v7/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 10
rightctrl/tomcat CentOS , Oracle Java, tomcat application ssl… 6 [OK]
maluuba/tomcat7-java8 Tomcat7 with java8. 5
unidata/tomcat-docker Security-hardened Tomcat Docker container. 4 [OK]
jelastic/tomcat An image of the Tomcat Java application serv… 2
amd64/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 2
arm64v8/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 2
oobsri/tomcat8 Testing CI Jobs with different names. 1
camptocamp/tomcat-logback Docker image for tomcat with logback integra… 1 [OK]
cfje/tomcat-resource Tomcat Concourse Resource 1
99taxis/tomcat7 Tomcat7 1 [OK]
ppc64le/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 1
i386/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 1
secoresearch/tomcat-varnish Tomcat and Varnish 5.0 0 [OK]
s390x/tomcat Apache Tomcat is an open source implementati… 0
appsvc/tomcat 0
picoded/tomcat7 tomcat7 with jre8 and MANAGER_USER / MANAGER… 0 [OK]
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker pull tomcat
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/tomcat
e9afc4f90ab0: Pull complete
989e6b19a265: Pull complete
af14b6c2f878: Pull complete
5573c4b30949: Pull complete
fb1a405f128d: Pull complete
612a9f566fdc: Pull complete
cf63ebed1142: Pull complete
fbb20561cd50: Pull complete
76c915a2cfb7: Pull complete
a2c2864c3363: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:11f247df062558074169fb92a54033ab2eb6563bda9765b3a9e53106db3c2f4a
Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest
docker.io/library/tomcat:latest
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
tomcat latest 6055d4d564e1 2 days ago 647MB
centos latest 831691599b88 3 weeks ago 215MB
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
使用pull下来的tomcat镜像启动一个守护式容器
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name my_tomcat tomcat
2bc7a26e8569869a199446055c712218a3986b1ccf798fadf80a9473318aec09
[root@aliyun docker_practice]#
[root@aliyun docker_practice]#
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2bc7a26e8569 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 36 seconds ago Up 35 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp my_tomcat
d1d4657e2c4f centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 19 hours ago centos02
a8ec86acc075 centos "/bin/bash" 23 hours ago Exited (0) 19 hours ago my_centos
7185357908cf bf756fb1ae65 "/hello" 24 hours ago Exited (0) 24 hours ago dazzling_yalow
此时从浏览器去访问http://wenbin.org.cn:8080/访问首页出现404错误，原因是tomcat目录下的webapps文件夹是空的。原因详见这篇文章
接下来可以通过docker commit命令将修改后的容器生成新的镜像的方式来解决这个问题。
将webapps.dist中的内容复制到webapps中
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2bc7a26e8569 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 36 seconds ago Up 35 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp my_tomcat
d1d4657e2c4f centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 19 hours ago centos02
a8ec86acc075 centos "/bin/bash" 23 hours ago Exited (0) 19 hours ago my_centos
7185357908cf bf756fb1ae65 "/hello" 24 hours ago Exited (0) 24 hours ago dazzling_yalow
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker exec -it 2bc7a26e8569 /bin/bash
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat#
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# ls -la
total 160
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jul 9 06:18 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18982 Jun 30 20:14 BUILDING.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5409 Jun 30 20:14 CONTRIBUTING.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57092 Jun 30 20:14 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2333 Jun 30 20:14 NOTICE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3255 Jun 30 20:14 README.md
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6898 Jun 30 20:14 RELEASE-NOTES
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16262 Jun 30 20:14 RUNNING.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:28 bin
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Jul 9 06:17 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:27 lib
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 9 06:17 logs
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:28 native-jni-lib
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:27 temp
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 6 21:27 webapps
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 30 20:12 webapps.dist
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jun 30 20:09 work
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# cp -r webapps.dist/* webapps
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# ls webapps/
ROOT docs examples host-manager manager
ctrl+p+q不退出容器返回到宿主机目录下，使用docker commit命令将修改后的容器生成新的镜像
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# cp -r webapps.dist/* webapps
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# ls webapps/
ROOT docs examples host-manager manager
root@2bc7a26e8569:/usr/local/tomcat# read escape sequence
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker commit -a='passerby223' -m='modify the container to generate a new image' 2bc7a26e8569 new_tomcat_image
sha256:7cfe9fbc638f7f2a6b8eed2eb522d3ce4b52c0db320a44be25d8f4b46cbc4162
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
new_tomcat_image latest 7cfe9fbc638f 5 seconds ago 652MB
tomcat latest 6055d4d564e1 2 days ago 647MB
centos latest 831691599b88 3 weeks ago 215MB
nginx latest 2622e6cca7eb 4 weeks ago 132MB
停止运行并删除之前旧版本的tomcat镜像生成的容器
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker stop 2bc7a26e8569
2bc7a26e8569
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker rm 2bc7a26e8569
2bc7a26e8569
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d1d4657e2c4f centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 18 hours ago centos02
a8ec86acc075 centos "/bin/bash" 23 hours ago Exited (0) 19 hours ago my_centos
7185357908cf bf756fb1ae65 "/hello" 24 hours ago Exited (0) 24 hours ago dazzling_yalow
运行新的镜像
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker run -d -p 8080:8080 --name mytomcat new_tomcat_image
0088731d7f4998ee7da5e8f3704b0ff921c4f469f3844eb571adc7bab9f407d6
[root@aliyun docker_practice]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0088731d7f49 new_tomcat_image "catalina.sh run" 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp mytomcat
d1d4657e2c4f centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 23 hours ago Exited (137) 19 hours ago centos02
a8ec86acc075 centos "/bin/bash" 23 hours ago Exited (0) 19 hours ago my_centos
7185357908cf bf756fb1ae65 "/hello" 24 hours ago Exited (0) 24 hours ago dazzling_yalow
此时再次访问http://wenbin.org.cn:8080/就可以看到tomcat的首页内容了。
Q.E.D.
